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Museum of Bulgarian Civilization
Museum of Bulgarian Civilization The Museum of Bulgarian Civilization was opened in 2013 in the Bolgar Historical and Archaeological Complex. The establishment of the museum was funded within the framework of the complex project ‘Cultural Heritage of the Republic of Tatarstan: Island-Town of Sviyazhsk and Ancient Bolgar’ implemented by the Revival Foundation. It is the only museum in Russia that also functions as a river station. &nb
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White Mosque
White Mosque The White Mosque is an architectural pearl of the modern Bolgar built within the framework of the complex programme 'Cultural Heritage - Island-Town of Sviyazhsk and Ancient Bolgar'. The complex of the mosque also includes the residence for spiritual leaders of Islam and a madrassa for teaching the basics of Islam. The White Mosque is one of the most important religious buildings of the Republic of Tatarstan, as the major festiv
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Memorial Sign-Quran Museum
Memorial Sign-Quran Museum The museum is housed in the Memorial Sign for the Adoption of Islam by the Volga Bulgarians in 922. Its architect is Rustam Gabbasov. The Memorial Sign was solemnly opened in May 21, 2012 and reflects Bolgar's important historical mission and religious significance of this place for the Eurasian Muslim communities. The exposition of Quran Museum represents the Holy Book of Muslims in diffe
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Saint Abraham’s Well
Saint Abraham's Well Saint Abraham's Well is a cultural and natural complex closely connected to the history of the adoption of Islam by the Volga Bulgarians. The name of the well is associated with the name of one of the followers of the Prophet Muhammad. According to a legend, when Saint Abraham touched the ground with his walking stick and this source of healing water appeared as a miracle and cured a daughter of a Bolgar Khan. After this event, the Khan and his
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The Eastern Chamber
The Eastern Chamber is a Bolgar city bathhouse built of brick and stone in the early 1290s. Building enclosure consists of three variously dimensioned sections rectangular in plan. The overall dimensions of the Chamber are 39x19 m. The western sections representing the first heated dressing-room with a sofa bordered the south-western wall of the central section. The floor of the dressing-room is paved with medieval redware (plinthiform) bricks. The central section included a second he
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The Cathedral Mosque and Big Minaret Complex
The Cathedral Mosque and Big Minaret is the main building of a complex forming an ensemble of Bolgar civic center in the XIII-XIV centuries with the Khan’s Palace, the Eastern and the Northern mausoleums. The limestone building of the mosque rectangular in plan dimensioned 32x34 meters featured 20 interior columns and a wooden gable roof. An arched entrance portal and a 24-meters high minaret bordered the main north façade (the minaret collapsed in 1841 to be reconstructed in 2000 on
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The Khan’s Shrine and the Small Minaret
The Khan’s Shrine was built of white limestone in the early XIV century. In the middle of the XIV century it was reconstructed to form a complex comprised of four shrines. In plan, the building is a small domed structure without a portal dimensioned 8.5x8.5 m. it is an example of central-domed cubic mausoleums widely spread in Islamic Oriental countries. The Small Minaret was built of cut tuff and limestone blocks in the second half of the XIV century on the model of the Big Minaret o
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Healer’s House Museum
Healer’s House Museum The Healer's House is a museum of medieval medicine as part of the Bolgar State Historical and Architectural Museum-Reserve. The exposition of the museum characterizes the development of Bulgarian medicine during the Volga-Kama Bulgaria (9-14th centuries). The Bulgarian doctors achieved a high degree of mastery in their work. The doctors of the Volga Bulgaria had encyclopedic knowledge in various fields of me
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The Northern Mausoleum
The Northern Mausoleum was built of white stone (limestone) in the 1330s. Tuff blocks were used for its cladding. It is a rectangular building in plan dimensioned 13x18 m. originally, the Mausoleum was a tent-shaped building with a projecting portal. The mausoleum was built in connection with completion of the second reconstruction of the Cathedral Mosque and the development of the central square of Bolgar. It was a family burial vault of a noble Bolgar family. In the early XVIII c
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Assumption Church – The Museum of the History of the Assumption Church
Museum of the History of Assumption Church (Church of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary) The museum is housed in the Church of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary. A stone church commemorating the Assumption of the Mother of God was erected in 1732-1734 in the centre of Bolgar settlement in the territory of a monastery founded in 1712. The monastery canteen and chapel dedicated to Reverend Cyril of White Lake the Wonder walker we
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The Khan’s Palace (“The Towered House”)
The Khan’s Palace (“The Towered House”) is one of the earliest monumental structures of the Golden Horde period. According to excavation materials the beginning of its construction can be identified as the middle of the XIII century. The brick and stone structure dimensioned 24x29 m with corner pylon towers is rectangular in plan. Territory of the monument has been converted into an open museum space hosting exhibitions of archeological objects, artifacts, stratifications of the cu
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The Black Chamber
The Black Chamber was built of white limestone In the middle of the XIV century. It is a two-storied building consisting of a quadrangular cubic base, an octagonal middle section and a hemispherical dome in plan (with a dome room 9.5 m in height). The central room has remained intact, being part of a larger building with a portal, a front staircase and side galleries. Dimensions of the preserved quadrangle in plan are 10x10 m, and 15x16 including the galleries. The Black Chamber is th
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Sahabah Memorial Sign
Sahabah Memorial Sign Sahabah Memorial Sign is located near the Small Minaret in the Bolgar Historical and Archaeological Complex, at the place, where, according to legends, one of the sahabahs was buried.
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The Eastern Chamber
The Eastern Chamber is a Bolgar city bathhouse built of brick and stone in the early 1290s. Building enclosure consists of three variously dimensioned sections rectangular in plan. The overall dimensions of the Chamber are 39x19 m. The western sections representing the first heated dressing-room with a sofa bordered the south-western wall of the central section. The floor of the dressing-room is paved with medieval redware (plinthiform) bricks. The central section included a second he
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The White Chamber
The White Chamber is a Bolgar city bathhouse. It was built in 1330-1340 of variously shaped stones (limestone with outer cladding made of finished blocks and inner rag-work with lime plaster). Thickness of the three-layer masonry ranges from 0.85 to 1.15 m. The building dimensioned 33-17 m in plan consists of several variously sized rectangular sections. The central cruciform hall holds the remains of a washing chamber with a pool, a fountain and rooms located at the corners. The bath
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Bathhouse No. 3
Bathhouse No. 3 is a Bolgar city bathhouse. It was built of brick and stone in the second half of the XIV century. Only separate portions of the southern and western wall masonry and limestone slab floor supports have remained intact. Brickwork is represented by three-layer double-faced variously shaped limestone blocks. The square bordering the bathhouse at the south-eastern side was clad with flagstones. The structure is dimensioned 15x12 m. the building envelope consists of two var
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Bathhouse No. 2
Bathhouse No. 2 is a Bolgar city bathhouse built in the middle of the XIV century. Thickness of its walls composed of irregularity shaped stones with random traces of scabbling does not exceed 80-90 cm. in plan it has a three-part division, characteristic of most Bulgarian bathhouses: dressing, central and heating rooms. Overall dimensions of the building are 20x11 m. The entrance is in the south-eastern wall of the dressing room. The doorframe was clad with well-worked blocks of whit
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Residential areas
The initiation of archeological research of the settlement has allowed the researchers to reveal information about its streets and squares. The first knowledge of the squares was obtained in 1938 during the performance of works on the slope of the upper Volga terrace near the central part of the settlement. Two level of pavement were uncovered there. The lower pavement consisted of irregularly shaped sandstone slabs of various sizes. A water line dating back to the middle of the XIV “
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Pottery Kilns
The region of Lake Galanskoye is a section of the medieval city with preserved remains of production activity. A potters’ settlement was located here during the period of city’s prosperity in the middle of the XIV century. Archeologist have studied 4 potteries with one, two, three and four two-level kilns with round and oval bases. The kilns made of adobe blocks were placed in specially prepared trenches. Masters produced large pots, jugs, kumgans, moneyboxes, spherical cones, water s
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Turkic-Tatar Writing Open Air Museum
Turkic-Tatar Writing Open Air Museum The museum reflects the history of letters used by Turkic peoples from ancient times to the present day. The Turkic and Tatar peoples used various graphics corresponded to the spirit of their time: runic graphics, Uyghur graphics, Arabic graphics, Latin and Cyrillic. The open air museum is constituted by the stellae with the inscriptions of the texts by the outstanding figures of the Turkic-Tatar world, including Turkic state
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Mausoleums
Mausoleums The archaeological remains of mausoleums of the 13th-14th centuries located in different parts of the Bolgar Historical and Archaeological Complex were found during archaeological excavations held at the site. These mausoleums were destroyed in the 15th century. It is considered that all of them had a similar architecture: they had a dome and were square or rectangular and quite small in size. The mausoleums were initially used as family tombs by the Bol
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Interactive Historic Riverside
Interactive Historic Riverside Walking along the interactive historic riverside, one can get acquainted with the history of the Volga river region. The riverside has interactive facilities, including children playground with Medieval games and alleys telling the stories of the outstanding personalities of the Bulgarian and Tatar history.
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Bolgar Tea Party Museum
Bolgar Tea Party Museum The museum presents the origins and characteristics of the tea culture of the people, who lived in the Volga region in the interactive space of a rural house of the 14th century. The exhibition shows not only the history of the origin of tea culture, but also its connection with the history of the region since the Middle Ages. The collection of the museum is presented by historic items obtained f
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Museum of the Nobility of the Spassk Uyezd
Museum of the Nobility of the Spassk Uyezd Situated on the Museum Street, the Museum of the Nobility of the Spassk Uyezd is housed in the 19th century brick-and-stone house. The exposition presents memorial and epoch-reflecting items and belongings of various famous noble families from the Spassk Uyezd region. The museum has items and memorabilia belonging to the families of the Likhachev, Molostov, Musin-Pushkin. In
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Abdulla Alish Museum
Abdulla Alish Museum The museum dedicated to a Soviet writer of Tatar origin, Abdulla Alish (1908 - 1944), was opened on July 21, 2018. The exhibition narrates Abdulla Alish’s biography and his creative path of literature. The choice of the location for the museum was not accidental: Abdullah Alish was born in the Spassky district of the Kazan province, in the village of Kayuki, which is located 60 kilometers from Bolgar. Despite his short lif
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Town on the River Museum
Town on the River Museum The museum is focused on the history of the Uyezd town of Spassk and its relation with river Volga. Through the archaeological findings related to fishing and ships, and also the trade and shipping activity in the town on the bank of Volga during the 18th-19th centuries is presented here. The museum also tried to focus on the dependency of river on the daily life of the town. In one exhibiti
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Белая мечеть4
Болгарский историко-архитектурный музей-заповедник является самым северным в мире памятником средневекового мусульманского зодчества, уникальным и единственным образцом болгаро-татарской архитектуры середины XIII-XIV вв.. Не имеет аналогов в мире как ценный исторический памятник, свидетельствующий об исчезнувших государствах (Волжская Болгария, Золотая Орда), исчезнувшей культуре, жизненном укладе и как оказавший значительное влияние в течении X-XV вв. на развитие культуры, архитектуры.
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Белая мечеть3
Болгарский историко-архитектурный музей-заповедник является самым северным в мире памятником средневекового мусульманского зодчества, уникальным и единственным образцом болгаро-татарской архитектуры середины XIII-XIV вв.. Не имеет аналогов в мире как ценный исторический памятник, свидетельствующий об исчезнувших государствах (Волжская Болгария, Золотая Орда), исчезнувшей культуре, жизненном укладе и как оказавший значительное влияние в течении X-XV вв. на развитие культуры, архитектуры.
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