On 5 February 2020, a research associate of Bolgar Museum-Reserve Mukhametshin I. D. held a lecture on “Towns of Volga Bulgaria of X-XIII centuries” for the staff members of the museum in the conference hall of the Memorial Sign.
Volga Bulgaria was a country with developed urban culture. More than 170 towns, fortresses, feudal castles of the state are known. There are big towns of Bilyar, Suvar, Bolgar, and small towns of Kuralovskoye, Lukovskoye and others among them. A medieval town is one of the most important and traditional fields for the scientists’ research. Different craft workshops, brick and stone houses, bathhouses, caravan-sarai and other buildings were discovered in many Bulgar towns. Powerful defensive walls and ditches surrounded them. Rural settlements located around the towns provided them with everything they needed. Roads made towns and villages a single economic space.
A town as a complicated phenomenon of historical process reflects all sides and features of community development. A wide range of problems connected with the history of the town and its international contacts can be solved with the use of rich archaeological material. Problems of the town as a particular historical phenomenon and important factor of historical progress become increasingly relevant. Bulgar state was on the same level of social and economic development with other Eurasian countries. With adoption of Islam, urban and rural settlements began to grow rapidly, material and spiritual culture formed on the whole territory, and the Volga-Bulgar ethnos emerged.

 
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