On December 17, 2019 the employee of the Department of organization of excursions of the Bulgarian Museum-reserve Abdrakhmanova A. R. in the 3rd class of MBOU “Bulgarian school No. 2” held a lecture on the theme “Merry holiday New year”.
Perhaps, the New year is the most favorite holiday of adults and children, when everything around is so bright and festive. This cheerful holiday, which has a very interesting history of origin and celebration, is celebrated not only in Russia but also in other countries.
On Russias in 10-15 centuries a New year celebrated 1 March. Then the holiday was moved to September 1, and from 1700 by the decree of Peter I it was moved to January 1. As a result, by now the New year has become a mixture of old Slavic, Christian, Western European and Eastern traditions.
The first appearance of Santa Claus occurred in 1822 in the United States. Later Slavic peoples copied Santa and made” our ” Santa Claus. Russian Santa Claus – grandfather Treskun-a harsh character. From November to March, Santa Claus was the master on earth, whom even the Sun was afraid of. The ancients feared the phenomena of nature because they could not explain them, and therefore worshipped them. Santa Claus has a granddaughter snow maiden. The image of the snow Maiden was invented in Russia. Only our Father Frost has an assistant, in other countries it is not. The birthplace of the snow Maiden is considered to be the village of Shchelykovo, near Kostroma, where the estate is located. N. Ostrovsky, who has written on motives of Russian national fairy tales “the snow maiden”.
Residents of Volga Bulgaria also celebrated the New year. Only they celebrated it on March 21, and it was called Nauruz (“new day”). The arrival of the new year was associated with the holiday of the arrival of spring. It was the official start of the new year on the astronomical solar calendar. The holiday was widely celebrated in Volga Bulgaria. Residents built a snow town and on the first day of the New year subjected it to a symbolic “assault”. Some defended the snow town, and others-stormed. Nauruz is still widely celebrated in Tatarstan and many other countries.
New year should be celebrated as much fun as possible for both children and adults. On the eve should wash and to clear its home from unnecessary things, junk, thereby get rid of old problems, trouble, maladies. It is customary to give gifts, dance around the Christmas tree. The tradition of decorating the Christmas tree first appeared on the territory of modern Germany in the middle ages. The custom of decorating the Christmas tree was imported to Russia from Europe. It so happened that people have long believed that the souls of people move into the trees. Souls can be both good and evil. That is why it is customary to decorate the Christmas tree for the New Year to appease the spirit.
During the lecture, students got acquainted with the history of the holiday, learned a lot about the new year traditions of the Russian people and residents of other countries, as well as solved winter puzzles, solved crossword puzzles, answered questions. For their active participation, the guys received sweet prizes and calendars for 2020.

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